Culture Is Separated Into Two Aspects Management Essay

Culture Is Separated Into Two Aspects Management Essay The Oxford Dictionary characterizes culture as thoughts, customs, and social conduct of a specific people or society; the perspectives and conduct normal for a specific social gathering. Culture can't be exactly characterized, yet it might be detected and felt. Mobley, Wang and Fang (2005) additionally expresses that culture gives guidance to people groups practices, in obvious and now and then unnoticeable ways; and it profoundly impacts dynamic. Culture is isolated into two angles which are noticeable and undetectable. Obvious viewpoints incorporate the presence of an individual or what food does he expend. While undetectable angles incorporate the significance of religion, convictions in a general public or the musings and emotions individuals have about specific issues. In the worldwide market today, culture is a significant angle to global organizations (MNCs). Aside from serving a differentiated commercial center, MNCs would likewise be comprising of various nationalities. All things considered, organizations are confronted with the difficulties of serving and dealing with a socially various workforce. Also, working together on a worldwide premise requires a decent comprehension of various societies. Inability to comprehend social contrasts can prompt genuine outcomes, for example, an effect on the companys business associations with abroad clients, customers and workers and awful advertising. Culture likewise shapes the manner in which individuals work together across universal fringes. Same associations of various nationalities may work diversely because of their way of life and this effect on approaches, correspondence techniques, hierarchical structure, and HR the executives. Associations especially MNCs can no longer bear the cost of not to c onsider the way of life of the nations where they work in. Accordingly, the primary goal of this article is to basically assess that culture is the most significant factor in molding and representing global contrasts in work relations. The exposition will assess culture through national culture and hierarchical culture. In national culture, it will start by looking into three changed nations (France, China and Japan) with their particular national societies in worker relations utilizing the Hofstedes six social measurements with contextual analyses of Danone Vs Wahaha and Renault Vs Nissan. The two contextual analyses will at that point outline the significance of national culture to associations and work relations. In the subsequent part, the exposition will assess the significance and the need of an authoritative culture. It will additionally assess authoritative culture by utilizing Edgard Scheins Three Levels of Culture with a case of Google as a contextual analysis. Finally, it will end of by examining the other basic factors that additionally help in forming and representing global contrasts. It will likewise finish up with proposals and the method of reasoning why culture is the most significant factor. National Culture Hofstede (1991) de⠬⠁ned national culture as the aggregate programming of the brain which recognizes the individuals from one gathering or individuals from another. It infers that the individuals share an aggregate national character that speaks to their social mental programming which is a lot of standards, practices, convictions and customs that exist inside the number of inhabitants in a sovereign country. Hofstede likewise asserts that each national populace shares a one of a kind culture. In any case, in the ongoing years, numerous MNCs have not yet gotten a handle on the way of life of the nation which they are working or selling their items in. By utilizing contextual investigations of Danone Vs Wahaha and Renault Vs Nissan in this article, it will endeavor to think about the immense contrasts in national culture between France, China and Japan utilizing Geert Hofstedes 6 components of characterizing and deciphering society. First Case Study: Wahaha Vs Danone In 1996, Chinas Hangzhou Wahaha nutritional category, Frances Danone gathering and Hong Kongs Bai fu qin partnership chose to frame a joint endeavor named Wahaha. In this joint endeavor, Danone endeavored to enter the china advertise utilizing Wahaha brand that is generally welcomed by the Chinese. In any case, issues surfaced when Danone turned into the greatest investor in 1998; in this way delivering hatred from the Chinas Wahaha bunch as they felt that Danone deceived them from the earliest starting point. To exacerbate the issue, Hangzhou Wahaha nutrition class that is overseen by Chairman Zong was blamed for breaking the agreement by setting up non-joint endeavors which encroached the interests of Danone, asserting that the Hangzhou Wahahas foundation of the non-joint endeavors and the illicit utilization of the Wahaha trademark has abused the proviso in the agreement. After which Wahahas Chairman Zong was sued by Danone in California and Italy, he made a progression of little organizations delivering indistinguishable items from the joint endeavor. The Wahaha Vs Danone case has fundamentally portrayed a contest between proprietorship rights. Clashes among Danone and Wahaha might be brought about by ignorance of the culturally diverse contrasts among France and China. Second Case Study: Nissan Vs Renault Nissan, a Japanese organization and Renault, a French organization chose to meet up to chip away at a joint undertaking. The two organizations were notable for their unmistakable corporate societies and brand personality. The joint venture was shaped as the two organizations shares a solitary joint of technique for productive development and network of intrigue. Be that as it may, Nissans the board style emphatically supported gathering execution while Renault centers around singular execution. Correspondence between the top administration and representatives were muddled and roundabout, subsequently bringing about misconception inside the organization. The contention between the 2 accomplices was because of Nissans workers expecting that Renault was like them that energize bunch execution. Nonetheless, Renaults the board style has a place with a considerably more individualistic methodology, making the Nissans workers felt awkward of having the sentiment of losing their family climate. Correspondence between the Nissan workers and Renault representatives separated; Nissan didn't comprehended what were Renaults primary destinations and their organization objectives in their association with Nissan. A portion of the Nissans chiefs felt baffled and contradicted to the section of Renault delegate on Nissans board. The directors were old workers, and they felt that representatives ought to be elevated by their rank rather than singular execution. The breakdown of correspondence is likewise brought about by the distinctions in their language. With such a critical distinction in their administration style, there is a need in culturally di verse mindfulness for the business joint dare to be a fruitful one. Geert Hofstedes Six Dimensions As per Geert Hofstedes social exploration examines, culture can be ordered into six unique measurements; Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism Vs Collectivism, Masculinity Vs Femininity, Long term direction Vs Short term direction. The table beneath represents for France, China and Japan. France China Japan Force Distance 68 80 54 Vulnerability Avoidance 86 30 92 Independence Vs Collectivism 71 20 46 Manliness Vs Femininity 43 66 95 Long haul Orientation Vs Short term Orientation 39 118 80 Figure 1.0 Scores allotted to the various measurements for France, China and Japan Force Distance Force separation can be characterized as all people in social orders are not equivalent it communicates the mentality of the way of life towards imbalances among us. Force separation can be characterized with regards to the degree to which the less incredible expects and acknowledges that force is appropriated inconsistent. (Geert Hofstede,2001 ) In examination of France, China and Japan, China has a place with a general public where the individuals accepts that disparities is worthy, there is a nearness of an amazing manager subordinate relationship which the subordinate will withstand all standards and guidelines set by the business. France then again might be inclined towards an increasingly various leveled association framework where the mentality towards directors are progressively formal. Japan has a place with a progressively various leveled society where the Japanese ought to be aware of their progressive situation in any circumstances. All choices must be looked into by each degree of the administration lastly the top administration. Independence Vs Collectivism Independence can be recognized as the serious extent of freedom a general public keeps up among its individuals. It identifies with people groups mental self portrait regarding I while Collectivism can be recognized to be the inverse. In a nonconformist society, individuals watches out for just take care of themselves and their immediate family while a collectivist society comprises of individuals having a place with a gathering that deals with them in return for their loyalty.(Geert Hofstede,2001) Looking at the 3 nations, there is a huge distinction; China has a place with an exceptionally collectivist nation where individuals act at an enthusiasm of a gathering. In this standard, individual connections beat the assignment and friends. Anyway in France, there is a sure level of autonomy a general public keeps up among its individuals. The French lean towards individual and private suppositions and work connections between the business and representatives are contract put together where everybody center with respect to the assignment itself. Correspondence inside a nonconformist organization would be immediate where everybody offers their thoughts openly in the event that they don't concur. Alluding back to the Nissan Vs Renault case, it has plainly demonstrated that Renault (France) empowered an increasingly maverick methodology by advancing individual activities and trusted that the workers are advanced through individual execution. Direct contacts between the top administration and workers were energized in their individualistic methodology. Japan like China; having a place with an exceptionally collectivist society, this can be appeared through placing their congruity of gathering over the statement of individual opinio

The Seeds of Ageism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Seeds of Ageism - Assignment Example Ageism is an amalgamation of generalizations convictions, separation practices, bias assessments. Ageism is credited to the changing segment inclines in different piece of the world. Future is improved therefore individuals live for a more drawn out length and may have a sound existence (Marques Presentation FLARE31Aug). As indicated by the United Nations maturing record, the quantity of people over the age of 60 years is equivalent to the quantity of people between the age of 0-14 years this feature the way that old individuals are equivalent in number to the youthful populace. Further, Europe saw a maturing record of 136.2 in 2007 while it is foreseen to upgrade to 229.7 in 2050 (Ageism in Europe). These information show that there will be an exceptional adjustment in populace structure in future which will have enduring ramifications on the general public as far as work markets, development both monetary and formative, the conduct of buyer just as wellbeing frameworks. These suggestions are not normal to disregard as they are going to change the structure of the general public. Wellbeing frameworks are going to influence to a more prominent degree as they need to observe new ideal models. Numbness of any sort prompts bias or ageism. Ageism has an antagonistic ramifications and it delineates the mentality an individual presentation towards older individuals. As indicated by Nelson (2002), Older grown-ups in the United States will in general be underestimated, standardized and deprived of responsibility, matchless quality and in the end their qualification. Thinking about the history, individuals used to regard their seniors and gave them incredible respect and regard, they were viewed as guide and educators who are experienced to assist them with reaching the arrangement in the event that if any issue emerge. It was viewed as celestial in the event that one lives for over 50 years old (Branco and Williamson, 1982).â

Special Edition!

Special Edition! Hey, so as Shannon just mentioned, all of the EA admits got V-day cards signed by all the bloggers. This means that we sat down, faced an ominous pile of ~500 cards, and started signing. Signing your name that many times can get a little repetitive and even confusing (after about 350 you start to forget how you normally write your name). Thats why I, and perhaps some of the other bloggers, took some time to make some Special Edition cards, adding a little something extra to a few of the cards. I made sure to write down what I added to the cards I customized, and heres what I did: 38 of the cards have a number underneath my name. These 38 numbers correspond to random XKCD comics (like, I pushed the random button a bunch on the XKCD website and wrote the number down). These comics dont have any special meaning to me, but head on over and check out which comic you have if you got a number. 2 of the cards have a little beaver drawn on them. This is my personal beaver graphic that I draw anytime I need to draw a beaver. 1 of the cards has my name underlined twice (just because I could). 1 of the cards says With my freeze ray I will stop . . . the world, a reference to Dr. Horrible (look him up on hulu.com) 1 of the cards says Its a brand new day! another reference to Dr. Horrible 1 of the cards says It didnt make sense no to live for fun, referencing All Star by Smash Mouth, the song I was listening to when I signed that card. 1 of the cards says IHTFP in binary. Those are the special edition cards, let me know in the comments if you got one of them!

Vigencia de la visa americana y cuándo ya no es válida

Pocos asuntos migratorios causan mà ¡s confusià ³n que entender cuà ¡l es la vigencia de la visa americana y cuà ¡l es el significado exacto de la la fecha de vencimiento. Para evitar graves errores que pueden costar muy caro en este artà ­culo se explican la vigencia de 3 situaciones: la visa de inmigrantela situacià ³n de los que pueden ingresar como turistas o para negocios sin visa a Estados Unidos visas no inmigrante, como, por ejemplo, las de turista, trabajo temporal, intercambio o estudiante. En el caso de las visas no inmigrantes se informa, ademà ¡s, de cà ³mo es posible estar legalmente en Estados Unidos con la visa expirada y tambià ©n el caso contrario: cuando a pesar de tener una visa sin vencer se està ¡ en el paà ­s en situacià ³n irregular, lo que puede dar lugar a consecuencias serias como cancelacià ³n de la visa, expulsià ³n inmediata o deportacià ³n. Finalmente, para el caso de las visas no inmigrante en la categorà ­a de turista y/o negocios, tambià ©n conocidas como B1y B2, se especifica por cuà ¡nto tiempo mà ¡ximo pueden ser emitidas y cuà ¡ntos ingresos a Estados Unidos està ¡n permitidos Vigencia de la visa de inmigrante Esta visa se aprueba en los consulados o embajadas de los Estados Unidos y permiten ingresar a los extranjeros a los Estados Unidos como residentes permanentes legales. En otras palabras, como titulares de una green card. Cuando se aprueba esta visa su titular tiene un plazo de 6 meses para ingresar a Estados Unidos. Y es precisamente en el momento en que ingresa en el que se convierte en residente. Su visa estampada en el pasaporte y sellada en un control migratorio se convierte automà ¡ticamente en una green card. Unas semanas mà ¡s tarde el nuevo residente recibirà ¡ la tarjeta de plà ¡stico por correo. Ademà ¡s, las tarjetas de residencia tienen una vigencia de 10 aà ±os, pero su titular puede perder ese estatus si no reside habitualmente dentro de Estados Unidos. Vigencia de estadà ­a legal para los que ingresan sin visa Los ciudadanos de 38 paà ­ses pueden ingresar a Estados Unidos sin visa cuando el objetivo de su viaje es negocios o turismo en aplicacià ³n del Programa de Exencià ³n de visas (VWP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). A esta regla general aplica una excepcià ³n: cuando se llega en un avià ³n o barco privado a un puesto migratorio aà ©reo o marà ­timo es imprescindible presentar una visa de turista o de negocios regular, no admitià ©ndose viajar sin visa. Cuando los ciudadanos de un paà ­s integrado en el VWP ingresan a Estados Unidos por avià ³n o por barco es necesario solicitar previamente y por internet una Autorizacià ³n que se conoce con el nombre de ESTA. El tiempo que dura la ESTA es de un mà ¡ximo de 90 dà ­as y no  es posible extender la permanencia. En otras palabras, si se ingresa sin visa, no se puede pedir una extensià ³n porque, precisamente, no se tiene visa. No existe excepcià ³n a esta regla y quedarse mà ¡s tiempo de esos 90 dà ­as significa quedarse ilegalmente en el paà ­s y perder el privilegio de volver a ingresar sin haber pedido previamente una visa a un consulado o embajada americano. Vigencia y vencimiento de las visas no inmigrantes La fecha de caducidad de la  visa americana indica el dà ­a mà ¡ximo que se puede solicitar el ingreso a Estados Unidos al llegar a una aduana. Pero hay mà ¡s, ya que es posible estar legalmente en USA con la visa caducada y al revà ©s: estar ilegalmente con el visa sin haber alcanzado su fecha de expiracià ³n. Para evitar problemas, como que  cancelen la visa o incluso que te prohiban regresar a Estados Unidos por tres o diez aà ±os, es necesario saber quà © realmente significa la fecha de caducidad en un visado americano. En este artà ­culo, ademà ¡s, se explica quà © hacer cuando se tiene el pasaporte vencido pero la visa no y tambià ©n cuà ¡ndo hay que sacarse una nueva, aunque no està © expirada. Ademà ¡s, destacar que en el caso de las visas là ¡ser, tambià ©n conocidas como tarjetas de cruce local, aplican reglas especiales que nada tienen que ver con las de las visas de turista normales. La fecha de caducidad de la visa americana no inmigrante La fecha de caducidad quiere decir, con carà ¡cter general, que ese dà ­a es el à ºltimo en que una persona extranjera puede  presentarse en un aeropuerto, puerto marà ­timo o puesto terrestre fronterizo de los Estados Unidos y solicitar el ingreso al paà ­s. Sin embargo, hay excepciones. Y es que lo dicho en el pà ¡rrafo anterior aplica a las visas de entrada mà ºltiple. Es decir, las que està ¡n seà ±aladas con la letra M en el apartado de Entradas. Sin embargo, en algunos paà ­ses las visas de turistas y de negocios se dan para un solo ingreso o un nà ºmero  limitado. En el caso de los paà ­ses hispanoparlantes, en la actualidad lo habitual para todos los paà ­ses es que las visas de turista y de negocios y la combinacià ³n de ambas se den por 10 aà ±os por entradas mà ºltiples. La excepcià ³n es Cuba donde se aprueban con una validez de 6 meses para una sola entrada o, en ocasiones y solamente para las visas B-2, por 5 aà ±os con entradas mà ºltiples. Por à ºltimo, en el caso de las antiguas visas indefinidas, tambià ©n conocidas como Burrough, decir que dejaron de ser và ¡lidas el 1 de abril de 2004. Por lo tanto, las personas que tienen estos visados y desean ingresar a Estados Unidos deben solicitar una nueva visa. En contra de lo que muchas personas creen, la fecha de vencimiento de la visa no quiere decir que un extranjero puede permanecer legalmente en Estados Unidos mientras no se llega a ese dà ­a. Cà ³mo saber dà ­a fecha tope de permanencia legal en EE.UU. Si se llega  con una visa de turista o de negocios, es muy comà ºn que te conceda 180 dà ­as, pero puede establecer menos dà ­as.  En el I-94 queda registrada esa fecha. Ademà ¡s, en la pà ¡gina oficial de la CBP para este formulario se puede obtener informacià ³n interesante sobre, por ejemplo, el historial de ingresos y salidas y se puede obtener una copia del mismo. Los extranjeros con visas temporales de inversià ³n, tipo E-2, reciben visados và ¡lidos por 2 aà ±os que pueden renovarse todas las veces que se quiera, siempre que se cumplan las condiciones de la visa. En el caso de visas temporales de trabajo, cada categorà ­a tiene su propio tiempo de duracià ³n de la validez. Por ejemplo, la H-1B, popular entre profesionales, se aprueba por un mà ¡ximo de 3 aà ±os renovable por otros 3. Ademà ¡s, los extranjeros que llegan con visa visa temporal de estudios, intercambio, etc verà ¡n que junto al sello que marca su ingreso a los Estados Unidos se escriben las letras D/S. Y significa que se puede permanecer en el paà ­s mientras sigue en activo el programa en el que se participa. El tema de cuà ¡nto se puede permanecer legalmente es fundamental. Ya que no entenderlo puede crear problemas migratorios muy serios. Por ello es importante entender  los tiempos y los periodos de gracia, segà ºn el tipo de visa. Tambià ©n es importante conocer cuà ¡les son las consecuencias de no respetar los là ­mites de permanencia legal y, en el caso de los turistas, con cuà ¡nta frecuencia se puede ingresar sin arriesgarse a ser parado en las aduanas y enviado de vuelta al paà ­s de origen. La visa sin expirar,  ¿garantiza el ingreso a Estados Unidos? No, la visa sin expirar es solo uno de los requisitos para solicitar con à ©xito en ingreso a Estados Unidos una vez que se llega a uno de sus puertos de entrada (aeropuerto, puerto o frontera terrestre). Las à ºnicas excepciones a la necesidad de presentar una visa sin vencimiento son: ciudadanos americanosresidentes permanentes legales, que deben presentar la green card y sus pasaportesturistas y personas de negocios de un paà ­s del Programa de Exencià ³n de VisasY personas en situaciones excepcionales a los que se le concede el ingreso sin visa, lo que se conoce como parole, como por ejemplos las personas que pueden solicitar asilo y el oficial de migracià ³n cree que hay una razà ³n mà ­nima para creerle y que el proceso sobre si se le concede o no se decida mà ¡s tarde, ya en Estados Unidos. Todos los extranjeros que no se encuentran en las situaciones mencionadas necesitan una visa sin expirar y, ademà ¡s, que: no sean inelegibles, en el caso de visas temporales y personas en el Programa de exencià ³n de visadosno sean inadmisibles, aplicando esto incluso a los residentesque la visa no haya sido cancelada o revocaday que el ingreso a los Estados Unidos se busque para el fin especà ­fico de la visa. Este à ºltimo punto es muy importante porque puede dar lugar a muchos problemas. Por ejemplo, si se pretende ingresar con una visa de turista pero la intencià ³n es casarse. Otro ejemplo, es cuando se viene a estudiar con visa de turista o se sospecha que se viene a trabajar sin visa de ese tipo. Corresponde al oficial migratorio decidir si permite a un extranjero la entrada o, por el contrario, si lo envà ­a de regreso a su lugar de procedencia. En el puesto fronterizo pueden suceder distintas situaciones. Es importante entender cuà ¡l realmente tuvo lugar para intentar luego resolver el problema. Por ejemplo, no es lo mismo una expulsià ³n inmediata que una situacià ³n de I-275. Visa expirada pero estancia legal o no problemà ¡tica Esto es posible en diferentes situaciones. Por ejemplo, para el caso de los turistas si la fecha de vencimiento del visa llega antes que el dà ­a seà ±alado en el I-94. Por ejemplo, si la fecha de expiracià ³n de la visa era el 24 de septiembre de 2011, pero el I-94 seà ±alaba como fecha mà ¡xima de duracià ³n de la estancia como el 24 de noviembre de 2011, se ha estado en situacià ³n regular hasta ese à ºltimo dà ­a. Incluso si tanto la fecha de expiracià ³n de la visa americana como la del I-94 ya han vencido es posible conservar el estatus migratorio legal siempre y cuando antes de su vencimiento se haya pedido una extensià ³n de la visa a tiempo y de buena fe e Inmigracià ³n la apruebe. Si bien si finalmente no se aprueba la extensià ³n hay que salir inmediatamente de EEUU y puede haber problemas precisamente por haber estado irregularmente. Esto tambià ©n ocurre en caso en los que se solicita un cambio de visa siguiendo todos los requisitos.     Por à ºltimo, otro ejemplo de visa expirada pero estancia no problemà ¡tica es en los casos de ajuste de estatus (como por ejemplo, en los casos de matrimonio con un ciudadano estadounidense). En estos casos tener muy en cuenta que si se quiere salir de los Estados Unidos mientras se està ¡ tramitando el ajuste es necesario pedir un advance parole. El no pedirlo puede dar lugar a problemas como que no permitan el regreso a Estados Unidos mientras no finalizan todos los trà ¡mites. Visa no expirada pero estancia irregular Por el contrario, es posible estar en situacià ³n irregular en Estados Unidos (lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como out of status) aunque la visa tenga una fecha de expiracià ³n que todavà ­a no haya llegado. Por ejemplo; si la fecha I-94 llega antes que la de la expiracià ³n de la visa, se debe salir del paà ­s cuando lo dice el I-94 y no la visa. Sà ³lo en casos excepcionales se permite restaurar el estatus.cuando se violan las condiciones del visado. Por ejemplo, un estudiante con visa F-1 que deja de acudir a clases por varios meses està ¡ invalidando, con su conducta, su visado. Estas son las violaciones migratorias por las que se puede producir una deportacià ³n o una expulsià ³n.O si tienes una visa de trabajo temporal y eres despedido. Debes abandonar Estados Unidos en el plazo seà ±alado para cada tipo de visa, pero es incorrecto pensar que puede permanecer en EEUU porque la fecha de expiracià ³n de su visado queda a varios meses, o aà ±os, vista. Pasaporte vencido, visa sin expirar Puede suceder que la fecha de vencimiento del pasaporte sea anterior a la del visado. En este casos no se debe solicitar una nueva. Simplemente viajar a los Estados Unidos con los dos pasaportes: el nuevo sin expirar y el viejo expirado donde està ¡ la visa, que todavà ­a tiene fecha và ¡lida. Al llegar al punto de control migratorio mostrar los dos pasaportes. El oficial de Inmigracià ³n escribirà ¡ las letras VIOPP junto al sello que marca el ingreso al paà ­s. Son las iniciales en inglà ©s de la frase Visa in other passport. Lo que nunca debe hacerse es arrancar la visa del pasaporte expirado e intentar pegarla en el nuevo. Esto produce siempre la anulacià ³n de la visa y no serà ¡ posible utilizarla. Necesario solicitar nueva visa aunque actual no està ¡ expirada Un caso completamente distinto al anterior es cuando se extravà ­a un pasaporte con una visa americana o cuando à ©ste es robado. En estos supuestos es importante seguir el procedimiento adecuado para reportar el hecho y sacar una nueva visa. Tambià ©n se tiene que solicitar de nuevo la visa en los casos en los que, por la razà ³n que sea, à ©sta se daà ±a, mutila, etc. El caso especial de la revalidacià ³n automà ¡tica de la visa En casos muy concretos, es posible viajar al extranjero con la visa expirada y volver a entrar en EEUU, lo cual es contrario a la regla general de funcionamiento de los visados. Es lo que se conoce como revalidacià ³n automà ¡tica de las visas, pero està ¡ sujeto a condiciones muy especà ­ficas: Tener una visa no inmigrante que ha expiradovisitar desde EE.UU. Canadà ¡, Mà ©xico o islas adyacentes, como por ejemplo, Bahamasvisita en esos paà ­ses inferior a 30 dà ­asTener un I-94 và ¡lido, registro de entrada y de salida Deben darse TODOS los requisitos. Consejos a tener en cuenta Millones de extranjeros ingresan cada aà ±o a Estados Unidos por los puertos de entrada al paà ­s. La inmensa mayorà ­a no tiene problemas o son mà ­nimos, como por ejemplo, tener que pasar por una segunda inspeccià ³n. Para evitar problemas es importante respetar siempre las leyes del paà ­s, como por ejemplo pagar las multas de trà ¡nsito, conocer los aspectos fundamentales de la visa que se tiene, tener en cuenta que las aduanas de los Estados Unidos tienen un sistema muy completo de informacià ³n y que mentir aun oficial migratorio es un fraude de ley, lo cual puede tener consecuencias serias. Por à ºltimo, antes de poner en peligro la visa es altamente recomendable consultar con un abogado.   Adquirir conocimientos bà ¡sicos con test Se recomienda tomar este test de respuestas mà ºltiples o quiz de visa de turista. Son 19 preguntas. Conocer las respuestas sirve para evitar problemas y malentendidos a la hora de solicitar la visa, conservarla y renovarla. Muchos de los problemas tienen su origen en la ignorancia. Y à ©sta se vence con conocimiento. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

COMPONENTS OF THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1103 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The key for business achievement or success requires two elements the individual and the environment. Absence of either value makes the goal unachievable. All components of a business environment have a direct or indirect relation on business. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "COMPONENTS OF THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT" essay for you Create order The outside factors, forces that cannot be controlled by an individual business enterprise and their management and have the capability to influence the business enterprise is termed as Business Environment. It includes every exterior forces within which a business organizations functions. Working of the business process is influenced by these forces and factors. Thus these forces and factors which stay outside the business, that are uncontrollable by single business entity but have an effect on business is called Business Environment. These factors or forces are customer, competitors, government, creditors, socio-cultural organizations, national and international organizations, political parties etc. These factors affect the business directly and indirectly according to its nature The business environment classified into three: Remote or General environment Industry environment Competitive environment Fig: Environmental Analysis According to Henry (2008), an organi zation has only two main environments i.e general and competitive environment. The competitive environment consists of industry and markets in which the organization operates. General environment is also named as macro-environment. The name Macro-environment is because the fluctuations that occur in this environment, will have an effect that go beyond the limits of the firms and industries. The below figure shows the connection between competitive and general environment of a firm as per Henry (2008): REMOTE OR GENERAL ENVIRONMENT: Remote environment can be also called as General environment and macro environment. Macro factors are generally more uncontrollable whereas micro environment factors are controllable as compared to macro factors. When macro factors become unmanageable the success of the business relies on the flexibility of the business to the changing environment. According to Hill and Jones,(2009), Macro-environmental factors sometimes influence the nation as a whole . Explained below are some of the macro environment factors. Economic Environment: The sum total of the nature of economic system of the country, business cycles, the socio-economic infrastructure etc is referred as Economic environment. Success of a business man depends on visualizing the outside factors influencing business, foreseeing changes that may occur in market conditions and making maximum return on minimum investment considering these outside or external factors. Social Environment: The value system of the society, w hich has an influence on the running of the business, is determined by the social dimension or environment of that Nation. Sociological elements that have an extensive impact on the business are costs structure, customs and conventions, mobility of labour etc. Work culture and mobility of labour, work groups etc are determined by the above factors. Political Environment: Political organizations including philosophy of political parties, ideology of government or party in power, character and level of bureaucracy influence of primary groups etc are influenced by the political environment of a country. The business, to a great extent, is affected by the political environment of a Nation Legal Environment: Legal environment comprises flexibility and malleability of law and other legal rules governing the business. The exact rulings and decision of the courts might be included. These concern the business and its administrators to a great extent. Technical Environment: Developme nt of technology in country has a great influence on the business. The variety and quality of goods and services to be produced and the nature, quality etc of plant and machinery to be used are determined by the technology opted by the industry. Following are also affected by technical environment, the business in terms of investment in technology, consistent application of technology and the effects of technology on markets. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT This means an environment in which competitions between organizations are high. A minute change in customers and competitors affects competitive plan of organization. It includes inventions of new products by competitors, developing new channels of distribution and emergence of new customer value. So competitive environment is closely related to the firm than the general environment.(Dobson et.al. 2004). Problems or opportunities resulting from variation in the competitive environment and in customer necessities are recognized by competitive environment analysis. Based on sound analysis, this procedure should be seen as dynamic, resourceful, and opportunity-focused. Thus two main areas that needs to be focused in this: Customer analysis Customer analysis at the business entity level involves building a complete understanding of customers, their needs and wants, and how these changes within a given market (market segmentation). Moreover, importance must be given to these changing needs, how is it occurring and what an organization should do to bring in change to the marketplace. Growth comes not by duplicating the competitors but by introducing creative and innovative strategy with flexibility, keeping in mind the changes that may occur in future to market conditions. Like any analysis, it is also done to identify the innovative strategies or plans that will create value for the business. Competitor analysis This analysis is undertaken at the business-unit level. With speci ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ c competitors, we assume that the unit in question is engaged in oligopolistic competition in which the market is dominated by small number of sellers. In a perfect competition there is no purpose of this analysis .While conducting competitor analysis, we have to follow certain defined procedure. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENERAL AND COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENTS Firms collect information to take decisions regarding current running of business and for future decision making through a combined calculation of internal and external Environments. Elements that compose general environment in a wider society influence the industry and the firms in that industry. These are classified into six environmental segments: demographic, economic, political/legal, socio-cultural, technological, and global. A firm does not have a direct control over the general environments segments and elements. For making appropriate decisions and plans, successful companies collects amounts of data and information so that they can identify or understand each segment and implications to be done. Competitor analysis refers to the way or method in which how companies collect and interpret information about their competitors. Understanding the firms competitor environment complements the insights provided by studying the general environment helps identifying in the fir ms competitor environment. Strategic intent, strategic mission, and strategic actions of a firm are developed as a result of the three analysis that are done to identify the outside environment. General environment analysis is focused on the future on the other hand analyses of competitors are focused on forecasting the dynamics of competitors actions, responses, and plans. Although we discuss each analysis separately, if we integrate the information gained from both the two analysis, performance of the firm is improved to a great extent.

Employee Relationship Management Free Essays

Employee Relationship Management Assignment – 1 Trade Union In Jharkhand Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union – JKMU Submitted by P. Lokeshwari S. Shahana Devi Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union In July  JKMU  organised a union of 220 contract workers in a newly established private steel factory owned by Electro Steel Casting Ltd. We will write a custom essay sample on Employee Relationship Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now 40 kms from Bokaro. All 500 workers employed in the plant are local workers. 100 workers’ services were terminated for participating in union formation activities. JKMU  organised a dharna and blockades with the help of local villagers and forced management to reinstate all workers. The Deputy Labour Commissioner also put pressure on management to take back the workers or else the factory license would be cancelled. The newly formed union held meetings with the  ALC  on 2nd 10th July and submitted demand notice to management. In April-May in Bokaro Power Supply Co. Pvt. Ltd. (a joint venture between  SAIL  and  DVC)  JKMU  has a union of 500 contract workers. There are multiple unions in the plant, but the  JKMU  union members in the helper category who had been struggling for a year for implementation of minimum wages and other benefits finally boycotted payment for 10 days. The action ended with implementation of their demands by the contractor and payment of minimum wages was done in the presence of management and union representatives. The Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union (JKMU) has been struggling for many years demanding permanent status for all workers on contract in perennial jobs in the Bokaro Steel Plant. The  JKMU  has been made a member of the Jharkhand State Contract Labour Advisory Board and the Jharkhand State Engineering Industries Wage Board. This is a rare incident as it is usually accepted that only central trade unions are made members of such state level boards. More than 90% of contract workers in the power sector are today members of  JKMU. Recent Struggles : 1. In Bokaro steel plant, contract and casual workers are not given quarters and had been living in slums. High Court has now given orders for encroachment, which would then lead to the demolition of these structures. SP and other district officials were gheraoed by workers. JKMU  had given a strike notice in 16-17 May 2011. Meetings were held everywhere and contract workers were mobilised in huge numbers. An application was also submitted simultaneously to the Regional Labour Commissioner (RLC) for rehabilitation of these workers. RLC  asked for quarters to be built and management finally accepted the demands for building permanent structures. 2. In July 2009  JKMU  organised a union of 220 contract workers in a newly established private steel factory owned by Electro Steel Casting Ltd. In this unit 100 workers were terminated for participating in union activities. JKMU  organised a dharna and several blockades with the help of local villagers and forced the management to reinstate all workers. The union could also force the Deputy Labour Commissioner exercise his power on the management to reinstate the workers with the threat to cancel the factory license. How to cite Employee Relationship Management, Essay examples

Employee Relationship Management Free Essays

Employee Relationship Management Assignment – 1 Trade Union In Jharkhand Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union – JKMU Submitted by P. Lokeshwari S. Shahana Devi Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union In July  JKMU  organised a union of 220 contract workers in a newly established private steel factory owned by Electro Steel Casting Ltd. We will write a custom essay sample on Employee Relationship Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now 40 kms from Bokaro. All 500 workers employed in the plant are local workers. 100 workers’ services were terminated for participating in union formation activities. JKMU  organised a dharna and blockades with the help of local villagers and forced management to reinstate all workers. The Deputy Labour Commissioner also put pressure on management to take back the workers or else the factory license would be cancelled. The newly formed union held meetings with the  ALC  on 2nd 10th July and submitted demand notice to management. In April-May in Bokaro Power Supply Co. Pvt. Ltd. (a joint venture between  SAIL  and  DVC)  JKMU  has a union of 500 contract workers. There are multiple unions in the plant, but the  JKMU  union members in the helper category who had been struggling for a year for implementation of minimum wages and other benefits finally boycotted payment for 10 days. The action ended with implementation of their demands by the contractor and payment of minimum wages was done in the presence of management and union representatives. The Jharkhand Krantikaari Mazdoor Union (JKMU) has been struggling for many years demanding permanent status for all workers on contract in perennial jobs in the Bokaro Steel Plant. The  JKMU  has been made a member of the Jharkhand State Contract Labour Advisory Board and the Jharkhand State Engineering Industries Wage Board. This is a rare incident as it is usually accepted that only central trade unions are made members of such state level boards. More than 90% of contract workers in the power sector are today members of  JKMU. Recent Struggles : 1. In Bokaro steel plant, contract and casual workers are not given quarters and had been living in slums. High Court has now given orders for encroachment, which would then lead to the demolition of these structures. SP and other district officials were gheraoed by workers. JKMU  had given a strike notice in 16-17 May 2011. Meetings were held everywhere and contract workers were mobilised in huge numbers. An application was also submitted simultaneously to the Regional Labour Commissioner (RLC) for rehabilitation of these workers. RLC  asked for quarters to be built and management finally accepted the demands for building permanent structures. 2. In July 2009  JKMU  organised a union of 220 contract workers in a newly established private steel factory owned by Electro Steel Casting Ltd. In this unit 100 workers were terminated for participating in union activities. JKMU  organised a dharna and several blockades with the help of local villagers and forced the management to reinstate all workers. The union could also force the Deputy Labour Commissioner exercise his power on the management to reinstate the workers with the threat to cancel the factory license. How to cite Employee Relationship Management, Essay examples

Some Makes Prototypes Future Generations †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Some Makes Prototypes Future Generations? Answer: Introducation The makers are those who incorporate innovation in real life. Makers are a group of people who make unique things with the application of technology (Katterfeldt, 2014). The meld of traditional things with modern technology and invent new things for next generation. The documentary, Maker Trailer projects a group of people who once were computer hacker now is into invention. The work technique is informal and concentrated on self-fulfillment. Making of innovative things have become a culture in America and formally known as Maker Culture (YouTube, 2017). This marketing Culture encourages people to think about new things, which are related to electronics, robotics, incorporating 3D printing in traditional art and craft. The documentary starts with the quote, I think of the maker movement as being the web generation meets the real world. Image: Maker Culture Source:https://www.businesskorea.co.kr/english/news/smestartups/11494-maker-movement-hardware-startups-are-key-creative-economy The technology used is the computer technology and it is incorporated in the wooden work, metalwork, art and crafts. The quote, world an idea that we want to hack this physical world in the way that we've been used to hacking computers from the documentary Maker Trailer clearly projects the fact that Maker Culture is derived from the hacker culture (YouTube, 2017). The makers are always on their toe to bring change in daily life. Makers are not ready to take the world as it is. This do it yourself culture includes several scientific equipments, clothes, scientific tools, musical instruments, furniture, vehicles. In making the innovative things computer technologies are used, CNC machines, laser cutter and 3D printers are also used. Another documentary What is a Maker says We use tools and we tell stories which means the makers are artist who create art by using technologies. The Maker Culture gives identity to many people who storms their brain and invent unique pieces (YouTube, 2017 ). The Maker Culture gave the world many entrepreneurs like Mark Dwight who was featured in the documentary, Maker Trailer who is the founder of rickshaw bag and SF. accounting to him that makers are not only hobbyists, some makes prototypes for the future generations. The Maker Culture initiated since 1970 with the revolution of microcomputers. To become a maker one does not need to have special school education because only a creative mind can make a maker (Katterfeldt, 2014). America now patronizes the maker culture. Washington hosts National Maker Faire every year several grant and prizes are offered to the promising makers. The vital technology used by the makers is computer numerical control by which robotics is designed (Stenvick, 2017). The machines are automated through this technology. The mechanical parts of any system is designed by CNC system, CAD which implies computer aided design and CAM or computer aided manufacturing. It is evident that makers are the revolutionists because they are justifying the advantage of being human by utilizing their brains. The success of the maker movement is that the maker are the ultimate source of innovation and their innovation helping the county`s economy to grow faster. The innovations are curtailing the expenses of many products. References Katterfeldt, E. S. (2014). Maker culture, digital tools and exploration support for FabLabs.FabLab: Of Machines, Makers and Inventors, 139-147. ouTube. (2017).Maker trailer - A documentary on the Maker management. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mklywR7TQxs [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Stenvick, B. (2017).Maker culture in Beaverton, business. [online] https://joomlakave.com. Available at: https://pamplinmedia.com/ttt/91-features/372072-255365-maker-culture-in-beaverton-tigard [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. YouTube. (2017).What Is a Maker?. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUoZwuSDikY [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].

McKenzie Journey Essays - Zoroastrianism, Religion, Theism, Yazatas

McKenzie Journey World Religions 160 10/26/16 Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism or natively known as, Mazdayasna, is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It stemmed from ancient Asian countries and continued to spread across the nation. With only about 200,000 followers today, and 80% of them living in India, Zoroastrianism is a complex and intellectual religion. The ancient history of Zoroastrianism is very important when trying to understand the religion. Zoroastrianism is believed to of began around 600 to 650 CE. It started in central Asia and began to spread to other colonies and tribes. It next was spread across the Iranian plateau, here it was adopted by two Iranian tribes, the Medes and Persians. This religion was then colonialized and spread to nearby areas for hundreds of years under the Persian dynasties, Achaemenid, Parthian, and Sassanid. During 900 CE the Zoroastrians split off into two groups, the Iranis, who stayed in Iran, and the Parsis, who left and established in India. Here, it began to flourish and be practiced continuously. Religion is much more than just believing in a god or higher power. There is an origin and the start of worship from a single being who believed in a particular deity. The Zoroastrian religion contains both monotheistic and dualism when obtaining to their god. This can be traced back to the prophet Zarathustra. When Zarathustra called Zoroastrianism the good religion. Zarathustra worshiped Ahura Mazda, Ahura Mazda's revelation was recorded in the scared writing of the Avesta. Zoroastrianism is also said to come from an older Aryan tradition that is formed on the foundation of the Vedic religion in India. The people who worship Ahura Mazda are called the Mazdeans or Zoroastrians. Ahura Mazda is called the Wise Lord, and is the ultimate principle of worship in the Zoroastrian religion. The very start of the religion began by Ahura Mazda bringing together two worlds, the menog, world or thought, and the getig, world of bones or living beings. These worlds are often called the spiritual and the physical worlds. Menog is apprehended by thought and getig is apprehended by the senses. Together, these worlds make up the order of the universe. The Wise Lord is said to be the eternal source of light for the two worlds. This is why the Zoroastrians pray in front of a source of light, it activates the connection between the getig and the menog. Getig is where fire exists and menog is where illumination arises. Since Ahura Mazda means Wise Lord, there is a close connection between wisdom, symbolized by light, and worship, centering on light. Fire worship is said to enhance human wisdom, if you are invested with wisdom, you then can freely choose to act by the Good Religion. Meaning, thinking good thoughts, speaking good speech, and doing good deeds. This will help maintain the order in the worlds, it also spreads Wise Lord's illumination. When Ahura Mazda made the two worlds, two forces came into existence, the Holy Entity and the Hostile Entity. These forces are called the cosmic twins: Spenta Mainyu and Angra Mainyu. In Getig, the world of bones, these cosmic twins represent truth and lie. The twins are always in constant battle with one another. Angra Mainyu is the force of darkness in Getig while Spenta Mainyu is the force of illumination, the religious followers of Zoroastrianism are always free to choose which twin they would like to associate themselves with. Spenta Mainyu has helper entities, holy immortals and also called, Amesha Spentas. The Amesha Spentas distribute positive forces through the spiritual world of thought and physical world of the living. Zoroastrians try to develop the qualities of the Amesha Spentas. While Angra Mainyu also has helper entities called Daivas. The Daivas are related with desire, wrath, bad thoughts, idolatry, and pollution. Followers who choose to fight on the side on Angr a Mainyu are pursued as being confused. The Good Religion wants everyone to gain wisdom, and eventually ally themselves with Spenta Mainyu, the life giving twin, instead if Angra. Religion can be practiced and exercised in many different ways. Here are a few ways Zoroastrianism is expressed. There are four Zoroastrian values that are very important to the religion.

Free Essays on Dissociate Identity Disorder

Dissociate Identity Disorder Driving for miles in a trance like state of mind, not really remembering driving is called â€Å"Highway Hypnosis†. â€Å"Highway Hypnosis† happens to almost everyone, this is a normal form of disassociation. Disassociation is a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person’s thoughts, memories, feelings, and actions. (Sidran.org) A more severe form of disassociation is Dissociate Identity Disorder or formally called Multiple Personality Disorder. DID is a psychiatric disorder characterized by having at least one â€Å"alter† personality. (Skepdic.com) Psychiatrists have argued for years if DID actually exists. The famous case of â€Å"Sybil† leads some psychiatrists to be skeptic about the disorder. â€Å"Sybil was said to have six-teen personalities. (Newsweek) Cases have been reported of patients having over one-hundred personalities. This paper will present cases of patients diagnosed with DID and information about the disorder to argue that Disassociation Identity Disorder does truly exist. DID is said to be an adaptive reaction to experiences of extreme trauma. When a child is faced with a traumatic experience the child may react by â€Å"going away† in their minds so they don’t have to deal with the horrific situation. If the child decides to take this route of dealing with the trauma and pain their thoughts, feelings, memories, and perceptions of the experiences can be separated off psychologically. (Sidran.org) DID is considered a creative survival technique that allows the child to escape and not feel the pain as they are being harmed. After the child’s traumatic experience they could have no recollection of the event what so ever but they may discover that something horrific has happened to them many years later as they start to dissociate more often. If disassociation is used repeatedly for a long p... Free Essays on Dissociate Identity Disorder Free Essays on Dissociate Identity Disorder Dissociate Identity Disorder Driving for miles in a trance like state of mind, not really remembering driving is called â€Å"Highway Hypnosis†. â€Å"Highway Hypnosis† happens to almost everyone, this is a normal form of disassociation. Disassociation is a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person’s thoughts, memories, feelings, and actions. (Sidran.org) A more severe form of disassociation is Dissociate Identity Disorder or formally called Multiple Personality Disorder. DID is a psychiatric disorder characterized by having at least one â€Å"alter† personality. (Skepdic.com) Psychiatrists have argued for years if DID actually exists. The famous case of â€Å"Sybil† leads some psychiatrists to be skeptic about the disorder. â€Å"Sybil was said to have six-teen personalities. (Newsweek) Cases have been reported of patients having over one-hundred personalities. This paper will present cases of patients diagnosed with DID and information about the disorder to argue that Disassociation Identity Disorder does truly exist. DID is said to be an adaptive reaction to experiences of extreme trauma. When a child is faced with a traumatic experience the child may react by â€Å"going away† in their minds so they don’t have to deal with the horrific situation. If the child decides to take this route of dealing with the trauma and pain their thoughts, feelings, memories, and perceptions of the experiences can be separated off psychologically. (Sidran.org) DID is considered a creative survival technique that allows the child to escape and not feel the pain as they are being harmed. After the child’s traumatic experience they could have no recollection of the event what so ever but they may discover that something horrific has happened to them many years later as they start to dissociate more often. If disassociation is used repeatedly for a long p...

Individual assignmentnew rules of globalization Essay

Individual assignmentnew rules of globalization - Essay Example n reasons for guarded globalisation is the fact that policy makers in various markets create policies as well as international laws that put the local businesses at an advantage while creating more hurdles for international companies. Cases where the government regulates the wealth of the markets as well as the economic development of the country through some form of State capitalism in the emerging markets and recently in the developed markets have brought changes to the free markets and consequently changed globalization. Business that originate in the western world and operate in the emerging market progressively need to compete with the local business that have financial and political support while at the same time having to prove their strategic value in the host market. Regardless of this bleak picture, foreign corporations still have a chance of succeeding in local markets (Freinkman, 2002, p. 79). For instance, in the new phase of globalization, the industries that were initially out-of-bounds may be the best source of strategically important opportunities. In the process of this new phase of globalisation, the foreign businesses can stay at home and increase their strategies at home, get and increase the support of the host as well as the home government, foster alliances with the host countrys businesses and develop more diversity. International economic rules symbolise the standards of behaviours associated with governments, organizations as well as citizens, and they represent a type of self-commitment in such a system (Peil and Staveren, 2009, p. 186). Thus in relation to any system of rules, a negative index can be detected in the form of a sequence of limitations on the behaviour of countrywide governments. These constraints are aimed at a safeguarding international division of labour against conflicting interests from various national governments and the self-commitment of the states also acts as a shelter against the power of protectionist groups

Depends Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Depends - Research Paper Example In 1949, Rich DeVos and Jay Andel became distributors and in 1958, they began to teach others on how to build their own businesses as network marketers to fulfill their dreams. They then broadened their product line and set up a company called American Way Association, which later came to be known as Amway. Before the end of 20th century, more than 3three million people in over eighty countries belonged to the Amway network (Ziglar & Hayes, 2001, pg 56). Network marketing is a network of people who have access to a range of products that are distributed through that network. The people can buy these products for personal use or sell them to others, thereby expanding the network by inviting others to join the network and over time, the volume of goods being distributed increase. Along the way, a portion of the profits on these products are paid to distributors, the down-line gives regular income in reality. The industry has experienced an image problem in the past because there were not systems and professional codes of conduct, and some operators used pyramid selling disguised as network marketing ((Griffiths, et al , 2008, Pg 1). Network marketing is emerging over the world as a viable and credible method of reaching buyers, which is cost effective as compared to the traditional retailing methods. Today almost everything in the world can be sold through network marketing including health supplements (Christen et al, 2007, pg 2). The emergence of internet has made it possible for network marketing to emerge as the mainstream marketing. The industry is becoming mature with professional marketing. It is an excellent way of entering into business enabling each person to enjoy fruits of their labor and solid passive income stream and residual income. Previously people viewed it as a side job that gives extra income, but now it gives opportunity to establish a business that will continue to be the main source of income. The industry is emerging as one

Classroom Management :: Papers

Classroom Management I have observed my mentor using this style of classroom management. It is a method of behaviour management pioneered by Lee and Marlene Cantor. The goal of assertive discipline is to teach students to choose responsible behaviour and in so doing raise their self-esteem. This in turn should lead to an increase in their academic success. Having a good classroom environment in which to teach gives the pupil the best possible chance of learning effectively. A basic principle of assertive discipline is that pupils need to know your behavioural expectations. They must be given limits and the teacher must be consistent in his / her approach at all times. Pupils need positive recognition and support as well as discipline so that they are motivated to behave well. It is very easy to criticise a pupil for being badly behaved but most teachers fail to comment on good, appropriate behaviour. The teacher who uses assertive discipline effectively has a classroom plan, which she shares with pupils so that they are clear about the consequences of their actions. The teacher will have a list of classroom rules on display and will remind the pupils what they are at the start of the lesson. (Appendix 1) The rules in Mrs. Ward's class are: 1.Follow directions first time given. 2. Keep hands, feet and objects to yourself. 3. No swearing, teasing, name-calling or put-downs. 4. Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking. The consequences of choosing to ignore these rules are: First time a rule is broken: Warning Second time: Wait outside the classroom for 1 minute Third time: Wait outside the classroom for 2 minutes Fourth time: Phone call to parents Fifth time: Sent to head teacher The classroom discipline consists of three main parts: 1. Rules that pupils must follow at all times. 2. Positive recognition that pupils will receive for following the rules. 3. Classroom Management :: Papers Classroom Management I have observed my mentor using this style of classroom management. It is a method of behaviour management pioneered by Lee and Marlene Cantor. The goal of assertive discipline is to teach students to choose responsible behaviour and in so doing raise their self-esteem. This in turn should lead to an increase in their academic success. Having a good classroom environment in which to teach gives the pupil the best possible chance of learning effectively. A basic principle of assertive discipline is that pupils need to know your behavioural expectations. They must be given limits and the teacher must be consistent in his / her approach at all times. Pupils need positive recognition and support as well as discipline so that they are motivated to behave well. It is very easy to criticise a pupil for being badly behaved but most teachers fail to comment on good, appropriate behaviour. The teacher who uses assertive discipline effectively has a classroom plan, which she shares with pupils so that they are clear about the consequences of their actions. The teacher will have a list of classroom rules on display and will remind the pupils what they are at the start of the lesson. (Appendix 1) The rules in Mrs. Ward's class are: 1.Follow directions first time given. 2. Keep hands, feet and objects to yourself. 3. No swearing, teasing, name-calling or put-downs. 4. Do not interrupt when someone else is speaking. The consequences of choosing to ignore these rules are: First time a rule is broken: Warning Second time: Wait outside the classroom for 1 minute Third time: Wait outside the classroom for 2 minutes Fourth time: Phone call to parents Fifth time: Sent to head teacher The classroom discipline consists of three main parts: 1. Rules that pupils must follow at all times. 2. Positive recognition that pupils will receive for following the rules. 3.

Tatutory body

Pursuant to the above, FL therefore forwarded to CT an invoice of pursuant to Clause 10 of the Agreement. However, by Act's analysis, there were errors In the computation of PPTP In the 2009 tax assessment Issued by FIRS. CT Is also In disagreement with the rate applied by your Company in arriving at the royalty due for the oil produced. It was based on these beliefs, that CT forwarded to your Company the sum of and for tax assessment and royalty respectively totaling CT further requested that your Company challenges the tax assessment at the appropriate forum and re-compute the royalty cording to the established rates.It Is on the above premise that your Company the following relief: (a) Declarations on the applicable royalty rate and the correct calculation of PPTP returns; (b) and specific damages for payment of the outstanding tax and royalty sums of Looking at the above relief, the issues in question which were submitted to Arbitration arose out of alleged wrong assessment and c omputation of taxes by your Company due to the FIRS and by extension to the Federal Government of Nigeria. So for all intents and purposes, the claim of your Company before the Orbital Tribunal s in effect for declarations on the applicable royalty rate and calculation of PPTP.The Federal High Court in the recent decision of Federal Inland Revenue Service Vs†¦ Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation & Others opined thus: â€Å"While it is conceded that the Parties are bound by the sanctity of their contracts and the issue in dispute arose out of the Agreement, the question still remains whether Parties can by an Agreement purport to confer Jurisdiction on an Arbitration Tribunal to determine issues relating to taxation of Companies or connected with the FederalGovernment Revenue when such Jurisdiction is exclusively conferred on this Court by the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The answer I must say is an emphatic No. In other words, the Constitution of the Fe deral Republic of Nigeria precludes any other Court in Nigeria other than the Federal High Court, not to talk of an inferior Arbitration Tribunal, from exercising Jurisdiction over tax matters relating to Federal Government Revenue.Although in simply parlance, one might be quick to say that given that EDP and FIRS re neither parties to the agreement nor parties before the orbital panel, they do not have the locus stands to make such an application. Furthermore, it is a trite principle of Arbitration law that Courts of Law must not be too hasty to make any injunctions or orders affecting arbitration proceedings. Be that as it may, We wish to draw your attention to the recent decision in Federal Inland Revenue Service Vs†¦ Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation & Others wherein the A.Belle J decided that: incidental thereto. It is not in dispute at all, that the Plaintiff in this case is the traitors body established by Law to wit: Federal Inland Revenue Service (Establishment) Act, 2007 as the Sole Federal Authority responsible for the assessment and collection of Taxes on behalf of the Federal Government of Nigeria. It stands to reason therefore that in any dispute where the Plaintiff perceived that its statutory functions are going to be affected by such dispute it will necessarily have the requisite locus stands to bring an action to seek remedy.So, to my mind in the instant case, it is preposterous to argue as the 2nd- 5th Defendants did, arbitrarily f tax issues arising from production sharing contracts-that the Plaintiff has no locus stands to bring this action in which it alleges that its statutory functions to assess and collect tax for the Federal Government will be adversely affected in the Orbital proceedings between the Defendants in this case, merely on the ground that it is not party to the orbital proceedings.It is the very reason of its not being a party to the orbital proceedings that makes it imperative for the Plaintiff to file this sui t to protect its perceived interest in the subject matter of the arbitration. This Court is not unconcerned at this stage, with whether the Plaintiff will succeed because locus stands of a Plaintiff to sue is not dependent on whether or not its case will succeed. It is against this backdrop that I hold the view that the Plaintiff in this case has the locus stands to bring the present action.On this score therefore, this Court has the jurisdiction to entertain the case. † From the foregoing decision of the Federal High Court, the Court has taken the stance that if the FIRS perceives that its statutory functions are going to be affected by any dispute, it will have the requisite locus stands to bring an action to seek remedy. The Court accordingly held that FIRS had a basis to bring the action and that the Court has Jurisdiction to entertain the case. This therefore means that the EDP and FIRS may be granted injunctive orders restraining continuation of the arbitration.Drawing f rom the above, the decision of the Tax Appeal Tribunal would be binding on CT and its preliminary objection to the Jurisdiction of the Orbital panel would be upheld. ACT The Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board (UNCOMBED)'s directive is made pursuant to the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act to enhance the level of participation of Nigerian and Nigerian companies in the country's oil and gas industry. The Act provides for the submission of Nigerian Content Plan to form an essential component of bidding for any license, permit or interest in the oil and gas industry.It contains provisions to ensure that ‘first consideration' is given to Nigerian and Nigerian Companies. The local content gives force of law to the Nigerian Content Policy, which are already part of current oil regulations. The local content act establishes a legal and regulatory framework for the involvement of and procrastination f indigenous oil and gas companies in the award of o il blocks, oil field licenses, oil lifting licenses and other projects. Under the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act, rights or interests in an oil mining lease (MOL) may be transferred by assignment.However, an assignment can only be valid where the consent of the Minister of Petroleum Resources has first been obtained following the fulfillment of the relevant conditions. These conditions include that the proposed assignee: Is of good reputation, a member of a group of companies of good reputation, or is wend by a company or companies of good reputation. Has sufficient technical knowledge and experience, and sufficient financial resources to effectively operate under the license or lease.

Women’s Roles in Independence Movements Throughout the...

Women’s roles in independence movements throughout the Middle East were as varied as their male counterparts’, though arguably not as well remembered. Many women rebelled from within traditional feminine spaces, as defined by colonizers and male nationals, rather than vying for roles in the traditional political sphere. Female and male revolutionaries risked the same dangers, but almost invariably women did not hold any significant leadership positions within nationalistic movements. Colonial powers often did not differentiate between male and female enemy combatants, punishing both with equal severity. In both Egypt and Algeria, independence movements employed a language of ‘women’s rights’ and ‘women’s issues’ to advance their aims, yet†¦show more content†¦When their rebellion became more active they faced the same, and often a worse, fate than men. The state regarded acts of open rebellion as criminal and Mamluk soldi ers treated female transgressors especially brutally. Women, in general, were more susceptible to the violence of nationalist movements, bearing the brunt of crime. Despite all of this, women were not welcome into elite anti-colonial circles and their experiences and opinions were largely ignored by both Colonial and anti-Colonial powers. In revolution-era Algeria, independence movements utilized a language of feminism to attack the social ills caused by Colonizers. The French had already politicized religion by imbuing it with greater meaning than even Algerians gave it; they placed it at the center of Algerian life. They then set about crafting an image of Islam as a social system which was inherently oppressive of women. The Colonizers had succeeded in setting the foundations for all future discourse on women’s rights. From here on, both secular independence movements such as the Young Algerians (modeled on the Young Turks) and religious movements would argue the nature of women’s rights based on the precedent set by the French. In this way, Algerian women would have to fight an uphill battle: first to establish a new language, a new code within which to speak about rights, and secondly to winShow MoreRelatedRole of Women 1500-Present Day Essay examples1520 Words   |  7 PagesRole of Women 1500-Present Day His 104 Prof. Steven Brownson Role of Women 1500-Present Day Early portrayal of the role of women was of domestic nature, dominated my men. Influenced by religion, culture, and world events, the role of women is ever-changing. In this paper I will look at the evolution of women; their role in society from historical periodsRead MorePositive Changes in the Quality of Life for Woman in Morocco1709 Words   |  7 Pagesthe current spotlight on the Middle East, life of Muslim women still remains invisible. It is valuable to explore the ways in which Muslim women explain their place in society today. 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